美国商务部选定隆基、阿特斯、天合、晶科、比亚迪、韩华等八家光伏企业为反规避调查重点
据SolarPowerWorld消息,5月13日,美国商务部公布了正在进行的反规避调查(AD/CVD)强制性受访者名单。该部门正在调查柬埔寨、马来西亚、泰国和越南使用中国组件的太阳能电池和电池板制造商,以及这些公司在这一过程中是否规避了中国关税。该部门在4月初发出了调查问卷,以了解出口细节。
共发放了76份问卷(柬埔寨:12份、马来西亚:20份、泰国:18份、越南:26份),每个国家有两家公司将接受进一步调查。商务部之所以选择这些公司,是因为它们对美国的出口量很大。这八家企业分别是:
柬埔寨:比亚迪和New East Solar
马来西亚:Hanwha Q CELLS和晶科
泰国:阿特斯和天合光能
越南:Boviet Solar和Vina Solar Technology (LONGi)
其中,Boviet Solar、NewEast Solar均为中国光伏企业,Vina Solar Technology 为隆基控股。美国商务部表示,由于每个受影响的国家都有“大量的出口商或生产商”,因此“单独检查每家企业以确定该企业是否在规避AD/CVD是不切实际的,检查所有这些出口商/生产商将需要大量资源。”
美国商务部现在将深入研究这八家公司的制造和出口流程。该部门将调查出口电池和组件中是否使用了任何中国晶圆、硅烷、银糊、太阳能玻璃、铝框、接线盒、EVA板和背板,以及这八家公司是否与中国制造商有直接关系,暗示存在规避AD/CVD的企图。
根据计划,美国商务部将于2022年8 月30 日提交调查的初步结果,以及受影响产品所有进口商的初步关税税率,并于2023年1月26日作出最终决定。
就在近日,美国商务部(DOC)发布备忘录,就其对马来西亚、泰国、柬埔寨和越南进口太阳能电池和组件制造商进行的反规避调查做重要澄清,其中提到,在中国境外通过中国多晶硅生产的硅片不受调查约束。
而本次美国商务部的回应则表示,本次被调查的太阳能电池和组件产品零部件可能是通过多个国家生产的,其中或使用了中国的产品。例如,光伏组件生产过程需要对多晶硅进行精炼,铸锭,然后切片加工成太阳能电池,并与许多其他材料组装成组件,生产过程的不同环节可能在不同的国家进行,在中国地区以外,通过中国的多晶硅生产的硅片不受这些规避调查的约束。
据PV-Tech报道,目前消费端的美国组件现货价格已经达到1美元/瓦(约合6.6元人民币/瓦)。当地太阳能人士判断,随着反规避调查继续,叠加疫情、物流等影响,下半年美国组件价格预计将上涨至2美元/瓦。
在美商务部决定调查东南亚国家涉嫌规避反倾销和反补贴税(AD/CVD)关税的行为后,太阳能产业协会(SEIA)将其未来两年的美国太阳能装机容量预期削减了24GW,并表示10万个太阳能工作岗位将会因此流失。
原文如下:
The Dept. of Commerce has released the names of the mandatory respondents in the AD/CVD circumvention investigation currently happening in the solar industry.
The department, which is looking at solar cell and panel manufacturers in Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam that use components from China and whether the companies are circumventing Chinese tariffs in the process, sent out questionnaires in early April looking for export details. Seventy-six questionnaires were issued (Cambodia: 12, Malaysia: 20, Thailand: 18, Vietnam: 26) and two companies from each country will be investigated further. Commerce chose these specific companies due to their high quantity of exports to the United States.
The companies chosen include:
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Cambodia: BYD and New East Solar
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Malaysia: Hanwha Q CELLS and JinkoSolar
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Thailand: Canadian Solar and Trina Solar
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Vietnam: Boviet Solar and Vina Solar Technology (LONGi)
Commerce said that since there are a “large number of exporters or producers” in each of the affected countries, it would “not be practicable to individually examine each of them to determine whether each one is circumventing the Orders. Examining all of these exporters/producers would require significant resources.”
DOC will now do a deep-dive into the manufacturing and exporting processes at these eight companies. The department will look into whether any Chinese wafers, silane, silver paste, solar glass, aluminum frames, junction boxes, EVA sheets and backsheets were used in exported cells and modules, and whether the eight companies have direct relationships with Chinese manufacturers that would allude to attempts at AD/CVD circumvention.
Commerce should present preliminary findings of its investigation on August 30, 2022, along with a preliminary duty rate for all importers of the affected products. A final decision would then be made on January 26, 2023.